{"id":71055,"date":"2021-02-23T08:55:57","date_gmt":"2021-02-23T07:55:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/estudio-transparencia-pictograma-arasaac-poblacion-adulta"},"modified":"2023-02-09T11:19:19","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T10:19:19","slug":"study-transparency-pictogram-arasaac-adult-population","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/en\/study-transparency-pictogram-arasaac-adult-population","title":{"rendered":"2018 &#8211; &#8220;Normative data of transparency of pictograms ARASAAC: study with adult population&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av-layout-grid-1'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-3dy6c1-89493982ef21cb7a44d62f4f3a00a190 entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first   container_wrap fullsize'  >\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/en\/scientific-research-carried-out-on-the-pictographic-symbols-of-arasaac\" class='avia_image' ><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-30087 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-30087 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-180x180.png\" alt='' title='investigaciones_arasaac_blanco'  height=\"180\" width=\"180\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-705x705.png 705w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-120x120.png 120w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco-450x450.png 450w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/investigaciones_arasaac_blanco.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-sytbox-b9d21f18db74657f17af38d3c6cb7dd7\">\n.flex_cell.av-sytbox-b9d21f18db74657f17af38d3c6cb7dd7{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-sytbox-b9d21f18db74657f17af38d3c6cb7dd7{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-sytbox-b9d21f18db74657f17af38d3c6cb7dd7 av-gridrow-cell av_one_half no_margin  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_cell_one_fourth  el_before_av_cell_one_fourth ' ><div class='flex_cell_inner'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ve5gy9-911e86bc93101bec9392e76fa2c22cb8\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ve5gy9-911e86bc93101bec9392e76fa2c22cb8{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ve5gy9-911e86bc93101bec9392e76fa2c22cb8 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-ve5gy9-911e86bc93101bec9392e76fa2c22cb8 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ve5gy9-911e86bc93101bec9392e76fa2c22cb8 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ve5gy9-911e86bc93101bec9392e76fa2c22cb8 av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-4  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >2018 &#8211; <span class='special_amp'>&#8220;<\/span>Normative data of transparency of pictograms ARASAAC: study with adult population<span class='special_amp'>&#8221;<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-q3reld-37da44d2d4c139914e9ba49da1ec9aed\">\n.flex_cell.av-q3reld-37da44d2d4c139914e9ba49da1ec9aed{\nvertical-align:top;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_cell.av-q3reld-37da44d2d4c139914e9ba49da1ec9aed{\npadding:30px 30px 30px 30px !important;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_cell av-q3reld-37da44d2d4c139914e9ba49da1ec9aed av-gridrow-cell av_one_fourth no_margin  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_cell_one_half  avia-builder-el-last ' ><div class='flex_cell_inner'><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-o4pbjl-068bb8fe3e57dfd65b082f7356071aac\">\n.avia-image-container.av-o4pbjl-068bb8fe3e57dfd65b082f7356071aac img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-o4pbjl-068bb8fe3e57dfd65b082f7356071aac .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-o4pbjl-068bb8fe3e57dfd65b082f7356071aac av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-6  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/riull.ull.es\/xmlui\/handle\/915\/8787\" class='avia_image' target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-24691 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-24691 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pdf_download.png\" alt='' title='pdf_download'  height=\"128\" width=\"128\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pdf_download.png 128w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pdf_download-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pdf_download-36x36.png 36w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/pdf_download-120x120.png 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mdusxd-eb83356455e55d34aa931343fbbf8656'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/riull.ull.es\/xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/915\/8787\/Datos%20normativos%20de%20transparencia%20de%20pictogramas%20ARASAAC%20estudio%20con%20poblacion%20adulta.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>DOWNLOAD THE DOCUMENT<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_grid_row_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-71055'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'><section  class='av_textblock_section av-l0yh0h-ea048aa6d21a96326c2b3a328d083b32'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Authors<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Rold\u00e1n Coya, Jonatan Walter <\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Viera Delgado, Beatriz<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>University of La Laguna<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Alonso Rodr\u00edguez,<\/strong><strong> M. \u00c1ngeles <\/strong> <\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<div class='flex_column av-ipp7s1-3d4a81d60b38240a59cad99d0ade8b6a av_one_full  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_layout_row  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kdo2lcru-ac616db72aa8eb501550746f89674973'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">___________________________________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-g2556p-125a6cff07d390c276123d70676b57e1\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-g2556p-125a6cff07d390c276123d70676b57e1 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:14px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-g2556p-125a6cff07d390c276123d70676b57e1'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><b>Summary <\/b><\/h3>\n<h3><b>\u201c<\/b>Normative data of transparency of pictograms ARASAAC: study with adult population<b>&#8220;<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>The use of pictograms is common in work or therapy with people with complex communication needs (NCC), as well as in multiple situations of the daily life of many people. This study tries to obtain data from the ARASAAC graphic symbols by analyzing their transparency to achieve a standardized database with a normal population. In this study 41 adults participated, to whom 548 stimuli were presented per individual, out of the 1,644 total, which they had to assess on a 7-point scale based on their transparency. The results indicate that the pictograms used can elucidate efficiently.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Abstract <\/b><\/h3>\n<p>The use of graphic symbols is not unsual among therapist who work with people with complex communication needs (CCN), as well as in numerous situations in the everyday life of many people. The aim of this study is gather data of the ARASAAC graphic symbol&#8217;s validity analysing its transparency to achieve a scale data base with normal population.<br \/>\n In this study 41 adults participated, to whom 548 stimuli, of the total 1.644, were presented per individual. They had to value them in a 7 points scale according to its transparency. The results indicate that the graphic symbols used, can be elucidate in an efficient way.<\/p>\n<h3>Participants and experimental task<\/h3>\n<p>The sample obtained was extracted by non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. It therefore counted 41 Spanish participants, 17% men and 83% women. The age of the sample varied in a range of between 18 and 34 years, with a mean of 20.50 years and a standard deviation of 3.06. Most of them were university students of psychology, physics and master&#8217;s degrees, students of the University of La Laguna, and a minority of Bachelor&#8217;s studies. 50% of the sample had English as a second language. 50% of the sample had English as a second language.<\/p>\n<p>In the present study, a methodology typical of this type of normative work was used, that is, the collection of subjective estimates on the translucency or degree of relationship of a pictogram and its verbal label. The development of the test was carried out in a classroom with multiple computers, through a web platform that<br \/>\nallowed the assessment of the pictograms gathered in 3 totally different sets, called Task 1, Task 2 and Task 3 with 548 different stimuli each. The duration ranged around 45-60 minutes. Their task was to pinpoint the perceived level of relationship between the pictogram presented on the screen and an associated verbal label. The stimuli were automatically presented and remained on the screen until the participant issued his response.<\/p>\n<h3>Conclusions<\/h3>\n<p>The main objective of this work was to obtain data on the degree of transparency, that is, the degree of relationship of a pictogram and its verbal label, through a scale and extract a normative distribution with which to baremar pictographic material.<\/p>\n<p>The results make it possible to predict to what extent the database used may be interpretable enough to be considered transparent. Taking into account the minimum and maximum value of the graduated scale, these being the ends 1 and 7, we have a base of pictograms quite accessible in reference to their meaning. Descriptive statistics reveal an average base transparency of 6.06, indicating precisely that pictograms can be elucidated efficiently.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-21336 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Estudio_preliminar_ARASAAC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Estudio_preliminar_ARASAAC.jpg 822w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Estudio_preliminar_ARASAAC-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Estudio_preliminar_ARASAAC-768x532.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Estudio_preliminar_ARASAAC-705x488.jpg 705w, https:\/\/aulaabierta.arasaac.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Estudio_preliminar_ARASAAC-450x311.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The standard deviation of 1.21 also reflects that most stimuli are tending to be well valued. In fact, of the 1644 items, 1533 had a score of 4 or more (from the average degree of relationship onwards), indicating that 93% of the pictogram base has an acceptable to perfect rating.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-eu0htt-68ae75e55c2be1f3cc32d1a4eb439e6f\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-eu0htt-68ae75e55c2be1f3cc32d1a4eb439e6f .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:14px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-eu0htt-68ae75e55c2be1f3cc32d1a4eb439e6f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av-layout-grid-2'  class='av-layout-grid-container av-94qg5t-9671fe1685dd2573e17ab1324beca79f entry-content-wrapper main_color av-flex-cells  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  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